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Gbaya thinking songs

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Revision as of 04:54, 22 October 2026 by Edb (talk | contribs) (Expand the comprehensive music catalogue with reviewed distinct performances; prioritize recent discovery, retain good older music and preserve existing prose, recordings and fields.)
Category: Genre

Summary

Gbaya “thinking songs,” or gima tamo, are a sanza-led repertoire specifically documented among Gbaya Bodoé communities. The category includes love and solitude, walking pieces, dance sessions and musical play. It is broader than meditation music and narrower than every Gbaya song. [1]

Contemporary and trending

Dehoux’s ethnography presents performance as variable and individually interpreted. Singers can enter or remain silent after listening to the instrument. The entry describes that documented community practice without projecting a historical collection into a measured 2026 national audience. [1]

History

The repertoire preserves relationships with other instruments and neighboring communities. Dehoux traces connections with harp-zither and xylophone practices rather than treating the sanza’s music as an isolated or timeless ethnic object. [1]

Musical characteristics

Repeating sanza cycles support optional, independently shaped vocal contributions. Simultaneous singers need not provide complementary parts of one message. Different playing techniques and versions give the repertoire internal musical variety. [1]

Geography and communities

The strongest evidence concerns the Bodoé landscape around Bouar and villages including Ndongoé. Wider Gbaya settlement across the Cameroon border does not establish identical repertoire everywhere; the field therefore emphasizes this northwestern Central African practice. [1]

Artists

Étienne Ngbozo is a named sanza practitioner in Dehoux’s account. Recognition of a local performer is more informative here than an unsupported national celebrity roster. [1]

Representative performances

MuGlobe listening profile
Repertoire Field use Notes
traditional regional Comprehensive catalogue; recent discovery is prioritized and worthwhile older music remains playable. Preserve specific recording contexts and dates.
MuGlobe representative performances
Artist Performance / song / title Embedded player URL Notes Repertoire kind Repertoire date Recording date Format Opening Places Fit Evidence Review note MuGlobe favorite Current hit Authentic
Martin Kayo Bondè ko bé hoyo 2 https://www.youtube.com/embed/VvI_kK5etjY Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: Release - Topic. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. MEG-AIMP124museum reissue of historical Gbaya sanza music. Actual per-track distributor musicians retained, Release-Topic is not a band. Numbered Ndio,Naa-koro,Bondè Ko Bé Hoyo versions are separately credited takes, not identical uploads.2025reissue does not make1977field recordings contemporary new sessions;1993CD history remains separate. Documented performance/session: 1977. Distributor release: 2025-05-16; reissue date does not establish original recording. Video publication: 2025-05-15; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 22 October 2026.[2] traditional unknown 1977 audio unknown country:Central African Republic supported Recording/context source Recording/context source Recording/context source Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: Release - Topic. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. MEG-AIMP124museum reissue of historical Gbaya sanza music. Actual per-track distributor musicians retained, Release-Topic is not a band. Numbered Ndio,Naa-koro,Bondè Ko Bé Hoyo versions are separately credited takes, not identical uploads.2025reissue does not make1977field recordings contemporary new sessions;1993CD history remains separate. Documented performance/session: 1977. Distributor release: 2025-05-16; reissue date does not establish original recording. false false false
Joseph Samba; Daniel Ngda’dikè Naa-woro https://www.youtube.com/embed/umIj7mGqEKI Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: Release - Topic. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. MEG-AIMP124museum reissue of historical Gbaya sanza music. Actual per-track distributor musicians retained, Release-Topic is not a band. Numbered Ndio,Naa-koro,Bondè Ko Bé Hoyo versions are separately credited takes, not identical uploads.2025reissue does not make1977field recordings contemporary new sessions;1993CD history remains separate. Documented performance/session: 1977. Distributor release: 2025-05-16; reissue date does not establish original recording. Video publication: 2025-05-15; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 22 October 2026.[3] traditional unknown 1977 audio unknown country:Central African Republic supported Recording/context source Recording/context source Recording/context source Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: Release - Topic. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. MEG-AIMP124museum reissue of historical Gbaya sanza music. Actual per-track distributor musicians retained, Release-Topic is not a band. Numbered Ndio,Naa-koro,Bondè Ko Bé Hoyo versions are separately credited takes, not identical uploads.2025reissue does not make1977field recordings contemporary new sessions;1993CD history remains separate. Documented performance/session: 1977. Distributor release: 2025-05-16; reissue date does not establish original recording. false false false
Etienne ’Doko; David Waï; Martine Sènwan Séam ko mè https://www.youtube.com/embed/zhn3g0rbuto Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: Release - Topic. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. MEG-AIMP124museum reissue of historical Gbaya sanza music. Actual per-track distributor musicians retained, Release-Topic is not a band. Numbered Ndio,Naa-koro,Bondè Ko Bé Hoyo versions are separately credited takes, not identical uploads.2025reissue does not make1977field recordings contemporary new sessions;1993CD history remains separate. Documented performance/session: 1977. Distributor release: 2025-05-16; reissue date does not establish original recording. Video publication: 2025-05-15; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 22 October 2026.[4] traditional unknown 1977 audio unknown country:Central African Republic supported Recording/context source Recording/context source Recording/context source Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: Release - Topic. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. MEG-AIMP124museum reissue of historical Gbaya sanza music. Actual per-track distributor musicians retained, Release-Topic is not a band. Numbered Ndio,Naa-koro,Bondè Ko Bé Hoyo versions are separately credited takes, not identical uploads.2025reissue does not make1977field recordings contemporary new sessions;1993CD history remains separate. Documented performance/session: 1977. Distributor release: 2025-05-16; reissue date does not establish original recording. false false false
Etienne Ngbozo; Joseph Samba; Daniel Ngda’dikè; Robert Tarapaï Ndio 1 https://www.youtube.com/embed/mjSuIPq2Tbk Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: Release - Topic. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. MEG-AIMP124museum reissue of historical Gbaya sanza music. Actual per-track distributor musicians retained, Release-Topic is not a band. Numbered Ndio,Naa-koro,Bondè Ko Bé Hoyo versions are separately credited takes, not identical uploads.2025reissue does not make1977field recordings contemporary new sessions;1993CD history remains separate. Documented performance/session: 1977. Distributor release: 2025-05-16; reissue date does not establish original recording. Video publication: 2025-05-15; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 22 October 2026.[5] traditional unknown 1977 audio unknown country:Central African Republic supported Recording/context source Recording/context source Recording/context source Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: Release - Topic. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. MEG-AIMP124museum reissue of historical Gbaya sanza music. Actual per-track distributor musicians retained, Release-Topic is not a band. Numbered Ndio,Naa-koro,Bondè Ko Bé Hoyo versions are separately credited takes, not identical uploads.2025reissue does not make1977field recordings contemporary new sessions;1993CD history remains separate. Documented performance/session: 1977. Distributor release: 2025-05-16; reissue date does not establish original recording. false false false
Etienne Ngbozo; Raymond ’Doko Ndio 2 https://www.youtube.com/embed/QrAoCHYtd5s Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: Release - Topic. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. MEG-AIMP124museum reissue of historical Gbaya sanza music. Actual per-track distributor musicians retained, Release-Topic is not a band. Numbered Ndio,Naa-koro,Bondè Ko Bé Hoyo versions are separately credited takes, not identical uploads.2025reissue does not make1977field recordings contemporary new sessions;1993CD history remains separate. Documented performance/session: 1977. Distributor release: 2025-05-16; reissue date does not establish original recording. Video publication: 2025-05-15; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 22 October 2026.[6] traditional unknown 1977 audio unknown country:Central African Republic supported Recording/context source Recording/context source Recording/context source Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: Release - Topic. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. MEG-AIMP124museum reissue of historical Gbaya sanza music. Actual per-track distributor musicians retained, Release-Topic is not a band. Numbered Ndio,Naa-koro,Bondè Ko Bé Hoyo versions are separately credited takes, not identical uploads.2025reissue does not make1977field recordings contemporary new sessions;1993CD history remains separate. Documented performance/session: 1977. Distributor release: 2025-05-16; reissue date does not establish original recording. false false false
Etienne Ngbozo; Raymond ’Doko; Arone Singa; Daniel Ngda’dikè; Robert Tarapaï Naa-koro 2 https://www.youtube.com/embed/zTmYralbitI Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: Release - Topic. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. MEG-AIMP124museum reissue of historical Gbaya sanza music. Actual per-track distributor musicians retained, Release-Topic is not a band. Numbered Ndio,Naa-koro,Bondè Ko Bé Hoyo versions are separately credited takes, not identical uploads.2025reissue does not make1977field recordings contemporary new sessions;1993CD history remains separate. Documented performance/session: 1977. Distributor release: 2025-05-16; reissue date does not establish original recording. Video publication: 2025-05-15; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 22 October 2026.[7] traditional unknown 1977 audio unknown country:Central African Republic supported Recording/context source Recording/context source Recording/context source Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: Release - Topic. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. MEG-AIMP124museum reissue of historical Gbaya sanza music. Actual per-track distributor musicians retained, Release-Topic is not a band. Numbered Ndio,Naa-koro,Bondè Ko Bé Hoyo versions are separately credited takes, not identical uploads.2025reissue does not make1977field recordings contemporary new sessions;1993CD history remains separate. Documented performance/session: 1977. Distributor release: 2025-05-16; reissue date does not establish original recording. false false false
Etienne Ngbozo; Raymond ’Doko; Arone Singa; Daniel Ngda’dikè; Robert Tarapaï Naa-koro 1 https://www.youtube.com/embed/-X6CrzANR7s Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: Release - Topic. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. MEG-AIMP124museum reissue of historical Gbaya sanza music. Actual per-track distributor musicians retained, Release-Topic is not a band. Numbered Ndio,Naa-koro,Bondè Ko Bé Hoyo versions are separately credited takes, not identical uploads.2025reissue does not make1977field recordings contemporary new sessions;1993CD history remains separate. Documented performance/session: 1977. Distributor release: 2025-05-16; reissue date does not establish original recording. Video publication: 2025-05-15; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 22 October 2026.[8] traditional unknown 1977 audio unknown country:Central African Republic supported Recording/context source Recording/context source Recording/context source Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: Release - Topic. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. MEG-AIMP124museum reissue of historical Gbaya sanza music. Actual per-track distributor musicians retained, Release-Topic is not a band. Numbered Ndio,Naa-koro,Bondè Ko Bé Hoyo versions are separately credited takes, not identical uploads.2025reissue does not make1977field recordings contemporary new sessions;1993CD history remains separate. Documented performance/session: 1977. Distributor release: 2025-05-16; reissue date does not establish original recording. false false false
Bernard Barbu; Raymond ’Doko; Daniel Ngda’dikè; Etienne Ngbozo; Robert Tarapaï; Arone Singa Soré ga mo https://www.youtube.com/embed/yqSdVtHiYc0 Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: Release - Topic. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. MEG-AIMP124museum reissue of historical Gbaya sanza music. Actual per-track distributor musicians retained, Release-Topic is not a band. Numbered Ndio,Naa-koro,Bondè Ko Bé Hoyo versions are separately credited takes, not identical uploads.2025reissue does not make1977field recordings contemporary new sessions;1993CD history remains separate. Documented performance/session: 1977. Distributor release: 2025-05-16; reissue date does not establish original recording. Video publication: 2025-05-15; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 22 October 2026.[9] traditional unknown 1977 audio unknown country:Central African Republic supported Recording/context source Recording/context source Recording/context source Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: Release - Topic. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. MEG-AIMP124museum reissue of historical Gbaya sanza music. Actual per-track distributor musicians retained, Release-Topic is not a band. Numbered Ndio,Naa-koro,Bondè Ko Bé Hoyo versions are separately credited takes, not identical uploads.2025reissue does not make1977field recordings contemporary new sessions;1993CD history remains separate. Documented performance/session: 1977. Distributor release: 2025-05-16; reissue date does not establish original recording. false false false
Etienne Ngbozo; Raymond ’Doko; Robert Tarapaï; Arone Singa; Daniel Ngda’dikè Bondè ko bé hoyo 1 https://www.youtube.com/embed/uEVPuUpu-Eg Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: Release - Topic. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. MEG-AIMP124museum reissue of historical Gbaya sanza music. Actual per-track distributor musicians retained, Release-Topic is not a band. Numbered Ndio,Naa-koro,Bondè Ko Bé Hoyo versions are separately credited takes, not identical uploads.2025reissue does not make1977field recordings contemporary new sessions;1993CD history remains separate. Documented performance/session: 1977. Distributor release: 2025-05-16; reissue date does not establish original recording. Video publication: 2025-05-15; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 22 October 2026.[10] traditional unknown 1977 audio unknown country:Central African Republic supported Recording/context source Recording/context source Recording/context source Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: Release - Topic. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. MEG-AIMP124museum reissue of historical Gbaya sanza music. Actual per-track distributor musicians retained, Release-Topic is not a band. Numbered Ndio,Naa-koro,Bondè Ko Bé Hoyo versions are separately credited takes, not identical uploads.2025reissue does not make1977field recordings contemporary new sessions;1993CD history remains separate. Documented performance/session: 1977. Distributor release: 2025-05-16; reissue date does not establish original recording. false false false
Gbaya Bodoé sanza and vocal ensemble (Joseph Samba; Etienne Ngbozo; additional voices) Naa-Koré - Central African Republic (1977) https://www.youtube.com/embed/ubvaX8gOFnU Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: MedicineForNightmare. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. Separate Naa-Koré and Piéré1977archive recordings. Source supplies album roster: Joseph Samba large sanza,Etienne Ngbozo small sanza/voice,Daniel Ngadike,Raymond Doko,Robert Tarapai voices plus unnamed rattle/sticks. Roster is preserved as album-level context, not proof every named singer appears on every track. No collector/channel name substituted as performer. Documented performance/session: 1977. Video publication: 2018-07-20; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 22 October 2026.[11] traditional unknown 1977 audio unknown country:Central African Republic supported Recording/context source Recording/context source Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: MedicineForNightmare. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. Separate Naa-Koré and Piéré1977archive recordings. Source supplies album roster: Joseph Samba large sanza,Etienne Ngbozo small sanza/voice,Daniel Ngadike,Raymond Doko,Robert Tarapai voices plus unnamed rattle/sticks. Roster is preserved as album-level context, not proof every named singer appears on every track. No collector/channel name substituted as performer. Documented performance/session: 1977. false false false
Gbaya Bodoé sanza and vocal ensemble (Joseph Samba; Etienne Ngbozo; additional voices) Piéré - Central African Republic (1977) https://www.youtube.com/embed/NdvmH_mvVfI Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: MedicineForNightmare. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. Separate Naa-Koré and Piéré1977archive recordings. Source supplies album roster: Joseph Samba large sanza,Etienne Ngbozo small sanza/voice,Daniel Ngadike,Raymond Doko,Robert Tarapai voices plus unnamed rattle/sticks. Roster is preserved as album-level context, not proof every named singer appears on every track. No collector/channel name substituted as performer. Documented performance/session: 1977. Video publication: 2018-07-20; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 22 October 2026.[12] traditional unknown 1977 audio unknown country:Central African Republic supported Recording/context source Recording/context source Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: MedicineForNightmare. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. Separate Naa-Koré and Piéré1977archive recordings. Source supplies album roster: Joseph Samba large sanza,Etienne Ngbozo small sanza/voice,Daniel Ngadike,Raymond Doko,Robert Tarapai voices plus unnamed rattle/sticks. Roster is preserved as album-level context, not proof every named singer appears on every track. No collector/channel name substituted as performer. Documented performance/session: 1977. false false false
Etienne Doko; Martine Senouane; Pascal Minang; Raymond Doko Naa-Bua - Central African Republic (1977) https://www.youtube.com/embed/74uIcG6GxJc Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: MedicineForNightmare. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. Naa-Bua, source specifically credits Etienne Doko sanza,Martine Senouane/Pascal Minang/R.Doko/E.Doko voices,unnamed rattle/sticks. Recorded Galo19February1977; no invented new2018session. Documented performance/session: 1977-02-19. Video publication: 2018-07-20; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 22 October 2026.[13] traditional unknown 1977-02-19 audio unknown country:Central African Republic supported Recording/context source Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: MedicineForNightmare. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. Naa-Bua, source specifically credits Etienne Doko sanza,Martine Senouane/Pascal Minang/R.Doko/E.Doko voices,unnamed rattle/sticks. Recorded Galo19February1977; no invented new2018session. Documented performance/session: 1977-02-19. false false false
Two Gbaya singers and sanza players, personal names uncredited Song for "Thinking": Piere (Gbaya) https://www.youtube.com/embed/wFL55mlKu9M Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: N/A - Topic. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. Smithsonian/UNESCO Piere recording specifically credits two men each with sanza; N/A is missing metadata, not a musician name.1983release and2015upload are not original session proof.189-second version distinct from400-second Ocora Piere. Distributor release: 1983-01-01; reissue date does not establish original recording. Video publication: 2015-06-04; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 22 October 2026.[14] traditional unknown unknown audio unknown country:Central African Republic supported Recording/context source Recording/context source Reviewed Gbaya thinking songs musical recording. Source: N/A - Topic. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Gbaya Bodoé sanza-led thinking-song repertoire, not all Gbaya music or all Central African sanza. Smithsonian/UNESCO Piere recording specifically credits two men each with sanza; N/A is missing metadata, not a musician name.1983release and2015upload are not original session proof.189-second version distinct from400-second Ocora Piere. Distributor release: 1983-01-01; reissue date does not establish original recording. false false false

Related genres

Banda-Linda horn music and Aka/Baka polyphony identify different Central African expressive worlds. The local harp-zither name mvet should not automatically be equated with the distinct Ekang epic genre Mvet Oyeng. [1]

References and further reading

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Vincent Dehoux, Touche-à-tout, L’Homme171–172 (2004),125–134. Access note: Entire public13-page PDF read, including method, Gbaya Bodoé repertoire analysis, conclusion and bibliography. No linked recordings accessed.
  2. ↑ Bondè ko bé hoyo 2.
  3. ↑ Naa-woro.
  4. ↑ Séam ko mè.
  5. ↑ Ndio 1.
  6. ↑ Ndio 2.
  7. ↑ Naa-koro 2.
  8. ↑ Naa-koro 1.
  9. ↑ Soré ga mo.
  10. ↑ Bondè ko bé hoyo 1.
  11. ↑ Naa-Koré - Central African Republic (1977).
  12. ↑ Piéré - Central African Republic (1977).
  13. ↑ Naa-Bua - Central African Republic (1977).
  14. ↑ Song for "Thinking": Piere (Gbaya).

Hotspot mushrooms

A focused but connected Gbaya Bodoé/Bouar and neighboring village repertoire field. The shared Gbaya name across two states is not used as a substitute for genre-specific distribution.

The fields express editorial judgments about relative musical affinity and reach, not measured audience shares. Radius is the zero edge of a linear fade; same-genre overlaps combine by maximum.

MuGlobe hotspot mushrooms
ID Location Latitude Longitude Radius (km) Strength Notes
gbaya-thinking-song-bodoe-bouar Bouar and Gbaya Bodoé thinking-song landscape 5.75 15.65 370 0.57 Specific sanza/vocal repertoire with walking, dance, reflection and play functions; not all Gbaya music.
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