Mande jeliya

Summary

Mande jeliya is a field of musical, verbal and social practice associated with jeliw, also called griots in wider usage. It includes praise, historical narration, mediation and entertainment, with regional and family traditions of singing and instrumental performance. Kora, bala and ngoni are prominent instruments in different settings, but the category is not defined by one instrument. A performance can connect a present person or occasion to remembered genealogies, exemplary figures and shared histories. Its meaning depends on relationships as well as on the notes a listener hears.

Contemporary and trending

Jeliya continues in family events, professional performance, recordings and transnational communities. Some musicians work within inherited social roles; others present instrumental virtuosity or collaborations to audiences unfamiliar with those roles. These are different situations rather than a simple division between authentic local music and diluted export. Amplification, electronic keyboards and new ensembles can change the texture while retaining recognizable repertories or forms of address. Contemporary practice is therefore both a social institution and a source of highly individual musical invention.

History

Jeli traditions are deeply connected to the histories of Mande-speaking societies and the memory of past rulers and lineages. Oral transmission does not mean an unchanging historical script: performers select, interpret and adapt material for particular occasions. Colonial and postcolonial cities, radio, national ensembles and commercial recordings created additional publics. Migration extended those relationships to Europe and North America. Eric Charry's comparative organization of Mande music is useful precisely because it distinguishes related practices rather than describing every sound from Mali or Guinea as one undifferentiated tradition.

Musical characteristics

Instrumental cycles can provide a recognizable foundation while allowing extensive variation. A kora player may separate flowing accompaniment from faster elaboration; bala parts can interlock, and ngoni brings a distinct plucked attack. Singing can move from a sustained melodic passage toward speech-like praise or narrative delivery. Text, names and timing may matter profoundly to knowledgeable participants. For a new listener, following a recurring instrumental pattern through changes of vocal intensity offers an entry into the form without pretending that instrumental beauty exhausts the performance's social content.

Geography and communities

The map represents overlapping Mande cultural corridors through southern and western Mali, Guinea, eastern Senegal and The Gambia, with relevant neighboring connections. These are broad, language- and family-linked landscapes that cross national borders and include rural communities. Separate British, French and northeastern United States fields represent diaspora events and musicians maintaining those relationships abroad. A performance documented in New York is evidence of a transnational community, not proof that New York has replaced the West African heartlands. The fields express cultural affinity, not the legal limits of hereditary status.

Jeliya is sustained by relationships among performers, patrons and communities, not simply by the survival of old repertoire. Dorothea Schulz’s ethnographic account places changing media and patronage within this social world. The Mali–Guinea and Senegambian fields therefore remain connected regional landscapes, with mobility and public communication extending practice beyond named capitals. They do not make all Mande speakers hereditary specialists.

Artists

Toumani Diabaté and Sidiki Diabaté offer influential kora lineages, while Ballaké Sissoko opens another distinct approach. Kandia Kouyaté illustrates the commanding vocal dimension; Bassekou Kouyaté's work makes ngoni ensemble possibilities audible. Abdoulaye Diabaté and Super Manden show jeliya in a New York community setting documented by Smithsonian Folkways. These examples are not interchangeable representatives of a generic griot sound. Comparing families, instruments and social settings is essential to understanding a practice whose authority can be both inherited and individually earned through performance.

Representative performances

These recordings offer listening examples of the genre. Notes identify the performance setting and any adaptation or mixed repertoire.

MuGlobe listening profile

Repertoire	Field use	Notes
traditional	regional	Comprehensive catalogue; recent discovery is prioritized and worthwhile older music remains playable. Preserve specific recording contexts and dates.

MuGlobe representative performances

Artist	Performance / song / title	Embedded player URL	Notes	Repertoire kind	Repertoire date	Recording date	Format	Opening	Places	Fit	Evidence	Review note	MuGlobe favorite	Current hit	Authentic
Toumani Diabaté and Sidiki Diabaté	Kaïra — RFI Musiques du Monde	https://www.youtube.com/embed/Y6pe_gcgopc	The broadcaster’s father-and-son kora performance represents instrumental Mande jeli practice and intergenerational repertoire.	traditional	unknown	unknown	unknown	unknown	unknown	pending	Existing recording	Legacy unscoped accepted recording retained; migration does not assert new dates or per-country variants. Existing musical notes and native citations are preserved.	false	false	false
Kandia Kouyaté	Djeli Nana	https://www.youtube.com/embed/jpL8LBko5Lk	Syllart’s official video adds a female jeli vocal performance and modern recorded arrangement, complementing the instrumental kora example.	traditional	unknown	unknown	unknown	unknown	unknown	pending	Existing recording	Legacy unscoped accepted recording retained; migration does not assert new dates or per-country variants. Existing musical notes and native citations are preserved.	false	false	false
Ballaké Sissoko; Piers Faccini	Ballaké Sissoko, Piers Faccini - When the Jeli sings (Hommage à Kassé Mady)	https://www.youtube.com/embed/JANGCnlQ4Wg	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Ballaké Sissoko. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. When the Jeli Sings, primary named homage to Kassé Mady. Actual October2026 single publication precedes the announced November2026 album; do not claim the future full album is released. Video publication: 2026-10-14; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	unknown	music-video	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Ballaké Sissoko. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. When the Jeli Sings, primary named homage to Kassé Mady. Actual October2026 single publication precedes the announced November2026 album; do not claim the future full album is released.	false	false	false
Ballaké Sissoko	Ballaké Sissoko - Weltere (Official visualizer)	https://www.youtube.com/embed/ikV4FoDNLXo	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Ballaké Sissoko. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Weltere primary September2026 single, upcoming November album announcement does not establish an already published full album. Video publication: 2026-09-16; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	unknown	audio	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Ballaké Sissoko. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Weltere primary September2026 single, upcoming November album announcement does not establish an already published full album.	false	false	false
Ballaké Sissoko Orkestra	Ballaké Sissoko Orkestra au Festival des Musiques Sacrées de Fès 24/05/2025	https://www.youtube.com/embed/AHVCPehP42g	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Transcordancias & Jugalbandis - Global Music Live. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2025-05-24. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2026-05-29; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2025-05-24	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Transcordancias & Jugalbandis - Global Music Live. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2025-05-24. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Sona Jobarteh and band	Sona Jobarteh - Gambia | Live | La Seine Musicale	https://www.youtube.com/embed/v0hh4qhrNdA	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: La Seine Musicale. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2026-03-31. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2026-05-13; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2026-03-31	live	unknown	country:Gambia	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: La Seine Musicale. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2026-03-31. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Ballaké Sissoko; Derek Gripper	Ballaké Sissoko and Derek Gripper, Live Improvisation No. 2 | Chan Centre	https://www.youtube.com/embed/fyyCxqzr4RQ	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Chan Centre for the Performing Arts. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2026-02-07. Two distinct fully improvised Chan Centre concert pieces explicitly rooted in West African kora language. Labelled kora/classical-guitar contemporary dialogue, not two uploads of one master. Video publication: 2026-04-24; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2026-02-07	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Chan Centre for the Performing Arts. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2026-02-07. Two distinct fully improvised Chan Centre concert pieces explicitly rooted in West African kora language. Labelled kora/classical-guitar contemporary dialogue, not two uploads of one master.	false	false	false
Ballaké Sissoko; Derek Gripper	Ballaké Sissoko and Derek Gripper, Live Improvisation No. 1 | Chan Centre	https://www.youtube.com/embed/aw3ArObJl3I	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Chan Centre for the Performing Arts. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2026-02-07. Two distinct fully improvised Chan Centre concert pieces explicitly rooted in West African kora language. Labelled kora/classical-guitar contemporary dialogue, not two uploads of one master. Video publication: 2026-04-24; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2026-02-07	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Chan Centre for the Performing Arts. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2026-02-07. Two distinct fully improvised Chan Centre concert pieces explicitly rooted in West African kora language. Labelled kora/classical-guitar contemporary dialogue, not two uploads of one master.	false	false	false
Sona Jobarteh and band	2026-04-16 SONA JOBARTEH Tivoli Vredenburg	https://www.youtube.com/embed/K5HvrK8X9qg	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: zapparie. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2026-04-16. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2026-04-17; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2026-04-16	live	unknown	country:Gambia	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: zapparie. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2026-04-16. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Sona Jobarteh and band	Sona Jobarteh live concert in Netherlands Eindhoven 10-04 2026	https://www.youtube.com/embed/1TtM6Ol5tv8	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Music4All. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2026-04-10. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2026-04-10; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2026-04-10	live	unknown	country:Gambia	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Music4All. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2026-04-10. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Kandia Kouyaté; Adja (CICB Face-à-Face vocalist)	Face a Face Belle Mere et Belle fille /Kandia et adja prestation Duo Kandia et Adja dans Mali Sadio	https://www.youtube.com/embed/iGaB-1o1XUw	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: MAMINA PRODUCTION. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2025-10-24. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2026-04-03; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2025-10-24	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: MAMINA PRODUCTION. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2025-10-24. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Kandia Kora	KANDIA KORA | La Marraine Batouly Niane Live Session By Dj.IKK	https://www.youtube.com/embed/FBg8jklGHmg	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: DjIKK Faiseur 2 Star . Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2026-03-29; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	unknown	live	unknown	country:Guinea	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: DjIKK Faiseur 2 Star . Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Adja (CICB Face-à-Face vocalist)	Face a Face Belle Mere et Belle fille /Kandia et adja prestation Adja dans Kandia Nana	https://www.youtube.com/embed/bEKMX0obyZo	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: MAMINA PRODUCTION. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2025-10-24. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2026-03-20; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2025-10-24	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: MAMINA PRODUCTION. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2025-10-24. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Adja (CICB Face-à-Face vocalist)	Face a Face Belle Mere et Belle fille /Kandia et adja prestation Adja dans Djatta Foli	https://www.youtube.com/embed/HN2eCCgE1wk	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: MAMINA PRODUCTION. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2025-10-24. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2026-03-06; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2025-10-24	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: MAMINA PRODUCTION. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2025-10-24. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Kandia Kouyaté	Face a Face Belle Mere et Belle fille /Kandia et adja prestation Kandia dans Kita KOUROU	https://www.youtube.com/embed/-uKJyNtsgOM	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: MAMINA PRODUCTION. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2025-10-24. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2026-02-27; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2025-10-24	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: MAMINA PRODUCTION. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2025-10-24. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Ballaké Sissoko	Ballaké Sissoko | Brussels	https://www.youtube.com/embed/uBvDx2-lqMs	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Yellow Stone. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2026-02-17; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	unknown	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Yellow Stone. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Kandia Kouyaté	Face a Face Belle Mere et Belle fille /Kandia et adja prestation Kandia dans Djeliyaba	https://www.youtube.com/embed/WjhYNmfADTY	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: MAMINA PRODUCTION. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2025-10-24. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2026-02-13; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2025-10-24	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: MAMINA PRODUCTION. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2025-10-24. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Sona Jobarteh; Sidiki Jobarteh and band	Sona Jobarteh live Performance in Penchamii | LSSE TV	https://www.youtube.com/embed/Zs92S8y3epw	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: LSSE TV. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2025-12-25; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	unknown	live	unknown	country:Gambia	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: LSSE TV. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Kandia Kouyaté; Rokia Koné	Kandia Kouyaté & Rokia Koné : Desert Storm	https://www.youtube.com/embed/v8ZevgZY9r0	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Mr Kleeg. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2017-03-12. Les Amazones d’Afrique concert at Philharmonie de Paris: labelled modern jeli-vocal collaboration, archive published2025. Video publication: 2025-10-22; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2017-03-12	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Mr Kleeg. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2017-03-12. Les Amazones d’Afrique concert at Philharmonie de Paris: labelled modern jeli-vocal collaboration, archive published2025.	false	false	false
Sidiki Diabaté; Balla Diabaté; Ahmed Diabaté	Sidiki Diabate Balla Diabate Ahmed Diabate rend Hommage à Toumani Diabate	https://www.youtube.com/embed/vait3B8IpM8	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Balla Diabate Officiel. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Named acoustic kora tribute to the late Toumani Diabaté; the honoree is not asserted as an additional live participant. Video publication: 2025-07-20; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	unknown	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Balla Diabate Officiel. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Named acoustic kora tribute to the late Toumani Diabaté; the honoree is not asserted as an additional live participant.	false	false	false
Ballaké Sissoko	Ballaké Sissoko - Live at Afrika Festival Hertme - 2024	https://www.youtube.com/embed/cm__Z2XpvLA	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Afrika Festival Hertme. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2024. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2025-07-14; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2024	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Afrika Festival Hertme. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2024. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Kandia Kora; Morissanda	KANDIA KORA x MORISSANDA | KOUYATÉ & KOUYATÉ Sumu Live Complet | 🇬🇳Official Video 2025 | By Dj.IKK	https://www.youtube.com/embed/HLNqlYMC0Kw	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: DjIKK Faiseur 2 Star . Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Named Guinean sumu performance. Kandia Kora is not the Malian singer Kandia Kouyaté; title2025 conflicts with November2024 upload, so no2025 session inferred. Video publication: 2024-11-27; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	unknown	live	unknown	country:Guinea	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: DjIKK Faiseur 2 Star . Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Named Guinean sumu performance. Kandia Kora is not the Malian singer Kandia Kouyaté; title2025 conflicts with November2024 upload, so no2025 session inferred.	false	false	false
Sona Jobarteh; Andi McLean; Westley Joseph and ensemble	Sona Jobarteh - Kaira - Live at Afrika Festival Hertme 2018	https://www.youtube.com/embed/n08uQ43i3QY	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Afrika Festival Hertme. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2018-07-08. Distinct Bannaye/Kaira/Gambia works from Hertme2018; no overlapping full Hertme concert imported. Video publication: 2023-12-29; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2018-07-08	live	unknown	country:Gambia	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Afrika Festival Hertme. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2018-07-08. Distinct Bannaye/Kaira/Gambia works from Hertme2018; no overlapping full Hertme concert imported.	false	false	false
Sona Jobarteh and band	Sona Jobarteh - Gambia - Live - Pioneer Works 4/23/2023 Brooklyn New York City	https://www.youtube.com/embed/RLwjECRPy9E	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: A Mandolin Player on Carnegie Hill. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2023-04-23. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2023-04-25; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2023-04-23	live	unknown	country:Gambia	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: A Mandolin Player on Carnegie Hill. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2023-04-23. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Toumani Diabaté	Toumani Diabaté en live sur la scène de La Télé d'Ici saison 4	https://www.youtube.com/embed/CvqQWRNS-6s	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: La Nouvelle Chaîne Ivoirienne. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2022-10-28; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	unknown	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: La Nouvelle Chaîne Ivoirienne. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Ballaké Sissoko	Ballaké Sissoko - Nan Sira Madi | A COLORS SHOW	https://www.youtube.com/embed/O_J4VUFahKs	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: COLORS. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2021-07-12; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	unknown	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: COLORS. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Ballaké Sissoko; Sona Jobarteh	Ballaké Sissoko ft. Sona Jobarteh - Djourou (Official video)	https://www.youtube.com/embed/8wWPC8edho8	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: NØ FØRMAT!. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2021-02-17; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	unknown	music-video	unknown	country:Mali; country:Gambia	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: NØ FØRMAT!. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Sidiki Diabaté	SIDIKI DIABATÉ - Meilleur performance à la KORA	https://www.youtube.com/embed/pZsn2tmq28o	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: RMOHD. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2021-01-12; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	unknown	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: RMOHD. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Sidiki Diabaté	SIDIKI DIABATE - NE NIKANI sur #eNLiveMali	https://www.youtube.com/embed/B6hBUb3KxeM	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: eNLiveMali. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2020-07-01. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2020-07-11; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2020-07-01	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: eNLiveMali. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2020-07-01. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Mory Kanté and band	Mory Kanté - Möko & Nafiya (live in 2008)	https://www.youtube.com/embed/bzgkeFBEqdQ	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: vrije geluiden. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2008-03-16. Primary VPRO broadcaster’s complete Möko/Nafiya performance with the kora-rooted Guinean electric griot ensemble. Historical live date explicit; no duplicate Nafiya excerpt imported. Video publication: 2020-06-11; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2008-03-16	live	unknown	country:Guinea	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: vrije geluiden. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2008-03-16. Primary VPRO broadcaster’s complete Möko/Nafiya performance with the kora-rooted Guinean electric griot ensemble. Historical live date explicit; no duplicate Nafiya excerpt imported.	false	false	false
Sidiki Diabaté	Sidiki Diabaté Kora Freestyle	https://www.youtube.com/embed/Tvm3vffHxNk	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Alassane Diallo Officiel. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2020-05-28; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	unknown	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Alassane Diallo Officiel. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Mory Kanté; Djanka Diabaté and ensemble	Mory Kanté - Teri Ya	https://www.youtube.com/embed/M7JlaUeQn3s	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: LE BERGER DES ARTS [Mamadou SECK]. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 1986. Specific Teri Ya recording, explicitly described as Manding repertoire with jazz/funk/pop adaptation; accompanying Cameroonian instrumentalists do not change its Guinean repertoire scope. Video publication: 2020-01-23; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	1986	audio	unknown	country:Guinea	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: LE BERGER DES ARTS [Mamadou SECK]. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 1986. Specific Teri Ya recording, explicitly described as Manding repertoire with jazz/funk/pop adaptation; accompanying Cameroonian instrumentalists do not change its Guinean repertoire scope.	false	false	false
Madou Sidiki Diabaté	SkillCast EP.2 | Madou Sidiki Diabaté Live | SkillBox	https://www.youtube.com/embed/BXv_5IsneI0	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: SkillBox. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2018-09-26. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2019-02-09; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2018-09-26	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: SkillBox. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2018-09-26. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Sona Jobarteh; Andi McLean; Westley Joseph and ensemble	Sona Jobarteh - Bannaye - LIVE at Afrikafestival Hertme 2018	https://www.youtube.com/embed/IqVWKpYA3bI	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: AfricanMusicFestival. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2018-07-08. Distinct Bannaye/Kaira/Gambia works from Hertme2018; no overlapping full Hertme concert imported. Video publication: 2018-09-04; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2018-07-08	live	unknown	country:Gambia	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: AfricanMusicFestival. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2018-07-08. Distinct Bannaye/Kaira/Gambia works from Hertme2018; no overlapping full Hertme concert imported.	false	false	false
Sona Jobarteh; Andi McLean; Westley Joseph and ensemble	Sona Jobarteh - Gambia - LIVE at Afrikafestival Hertme 2018	https://www.youtube.com/embed/zSD_amb-l9Q	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: AfricanMusicFestival. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2018-07-08. Distinct Bannaye/Kaira/Gambia works from Hertme2018; no overlapping full Hertme concert imported. Video publication: 2018-09-04; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2018-07-08	live	unknown	country:Gambia	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: AfricanMusicFestival. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2018-07-08. Distinct Bannaye/Kaira/Gambia works from Hertme2018; no overlapping full Hertme concert imported.	false	false	false
Kandia Kouyaté	Kandia Kouyaté - Woulalé (Clip Officiel)	https://www.youtube.com/embed/L5poCtt9810	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Syllart Records. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2017-07-18; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	unknown	music-video	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Syllart Records. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Albert Distelbrink	Mory Kante: Kouma , parole de griot , cover by Albert Distelbrink (kora and voice)	https://www.youtube.com/embed/HRE-W26viYs	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Albert Distelbrink. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Actual kora-and-voice rendition of Mory Kanté’s Kouma at Haarlem World Music Festival, performed by Albert Distelbrink rather than the original composer/singer. Specific jeli repertoire adaptation. Video publication: 2016-10-07; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	unknown	live	unknown	country:Guinea	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Albert Distelbrink. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Actual kora-and-voice rendition of Mory Kanté’s Kouma at Haarlem World Music Festival, performed by Albert Distelbrink rather than the original composer/singer. Specific jeli repertoire adaptation.	false	false	false
Sona Jobarteh and band	Sona Jobarteh & Band: Kora Music from West Africa	https://www.youtube.com/embed/Ig91Z0-rBfo	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: University of Music FRANZ LISZT Weimar. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2015-07-01. University-primary complete Weimar concert, with named kora/vocalist and ensemble. Do not also count its individual cuts as new recordings. Video publication: 2016-01-25; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2015-07-01	live	unknown	country:Gambia	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: University of Music FRANZ LISZT Weimar. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2015-07-01. University-primary complete Weimar concert, with named kora/vocalist and ensemble. Do not also count its individual cuts as new recordings.	false	false	false
Sona Jobarteh	Sona Jobarteh - GAMBIA (Official Video)	https://www.youtube.com/embed/PtmmlOQnTXM	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Sona Jobarteh. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Primary artist’s Gambia song explicitly foregrounds Mandinka seruba drum and tradition in a contemporary arrangement; not a generic all-Africa pop selection. Video publication: 2015-11-19; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	unknown	music-video	unknown	country:Gambia	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Sona Jobarteh. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Primary artist’s Gambia song explicitly foregrounds Mandinka seruba drum and tradition in a contemporary arrangement; not a generic all-Africa pop selection.	false	false	false
Ballaké Sissoko	Ballaké Sissoko (et les oiseaux du musée Batha) au festival des Musiques Sacrées du Monde de Fès	https://www.youtube.com/embed/hJOo8PU-mCY	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Transcordancias & Jugalbandis - Global Music Live. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2015-11-07; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	unknown	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Transcordancias & Jugalbandis - Global Music Live. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Toumani Diabaté; Sidiki Diabaté	Toumani & Sidiki Diabaté live - "Lampedusa" - Festival Mantras - Madrid - 19/02/2015	https://www.youtube.com/embed/Usf0qtrBVW8	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Transcordancias & Jugalbandis - Global Music Live. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2015-02-19. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2015-02-20; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2015-02-19	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: Transcordancias & Jugalbandis - Global Music Live. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2015-02-19. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Toumani Diabaté; Sidiki Diabaté	Toumani Diabaté & Sidiki Diabaté - Jarabi	https://www.youtube.com/embed/-cLAwAOi-hA	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: NOISE CHAMBER. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2014-10-20; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	unknown	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: NOISE CHAMBER. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Toumani Diabaté; Sidiki Diabaté	Toumani & Sidiki Diabaté - Mogokouma (Live at Roskilde Festival, July 6th, 2014)	https://www.youtube.com/embed/jcd0xV9GrPg	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: mathiasnielsen66. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2014-07-06. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2014-07-07; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2014-07-06	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: mathiasnielsen66. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2014-07-06. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Toumani Diabaté; Sidiki Diabaté	Toumani & Sidiki Diabaté: Dr. Cheikh Modibo Diarra (Live) - Funkhaus Europa @ Roskilde 2014	https://www.youtube.com/embed/yljPlut7d10	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: COSMO. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2014-07-06. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2014-07-06; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2014-07-06	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: COSMO. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2014-07-06. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false
Toumani Diabaté; Sidiki Diabaté	Toumani & Sidiki Diabate - BBC 2 Live Session (Glastonbury 2014)	https://www.youtube.com/embed/K8nyjsDj-Is	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: dastian man. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2014. Rachid Ouiguini BBC Glastonbury live session2014, separate from Roskilde works. Video publication: 2014-07-01; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2014	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: dastian man. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2014. Rachid Ouiguini BBC Glastonbury live session2014, separate from Roskilde works.	false	false	false
Toumani Diabaté	TOUMANI DIABATE, ANTIGEL, GENEVE, 2013	https://www.youtube.com/embed/qT0ePH10ryA	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: arnaudafroblue. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2013-02-05. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context. Video publication: 2013-02-06; original-release and performance dates are separate. Advancing embedded playback checked 20 October 2026.	traditional	unknown	2013-02-05	live	unknown	country:Mali	supported	Recording/context source	Reviewed Mande jeliya musical recording. Source: arnaudafroblue. Video publication is separate from unknown original/session dates. Documented performance/session: 2013-02-05. Specific Manding jeli/kora repertoire and actual performers reviewed. Modern arrangements are retained as adaptations; publication dates and concert venues do not change unknown sessions or repertoire context.	false	false	false

Related genres

Wassoulou, hunters' music and Mande guitar-based pop share parts of the wider regional environment but have distinct relationships to social role and repertoire. Kora music is a useful instrument-based browsing category, yet not all kora playing has the same function as jeli praise. Likewise, a singer from a jeli family may pursue music beyond a conventional jeliya setting. Keeping practice, instrument, family identity and commercial genre separate makes the connections more informative and avoids turning a living institution into a costume attached to any West African musician.

Hotspot mushrooms

Jeliya is a connected transnational Mande social institution with several regional instrumental centers. Broad overlapping West African fields and detached diaspora circuits express actual family/community circulation, not a chain of capital-city studios.

These fields are editorial illustrations of musical affinity and cultural reach, not listener statistics. Radius marks the zero edge of the fade; overlapping fields of this genre combine by maximum.

Africa completion review: The connected regional fields are retained; their intensity expresses qualitative musical affinity and is not an audience estimate.

The fields express editorial judgments about relative musical affinity and reach, not measured audience shares. Radius is the zero edge of a linear fade; same-genre overlaps combine by maximum.

MuGlobe hotspot mushrooms

ID	Location	Latitude	Longitude	Radius (km)	Strength	Notes
jeliya-manden-heartland	Manden Mali–Guinea cultural corridor	11.8	-9.4	750.0	1.0	Continuous Mande communities and specialist networks.
jeliya-senegambia	Senegambian Mandinka landscape	13.0	-14.4	600.0	0.9	Distinct related western repertoire and kora networks.
jeliya-france	French Mande diaspora circuit	47.0	2.0	400.0	0.45	Community events and professional performance.
jeliya-britain	British Mande diaspora and adopted circuit	52.0	-1.2	300.0	0.34	Detached community and concert practice.
jeliya-us-northeast	Northeastern United States Mande circuit	41.0	-73.8	330.0	0.35	Documented transnational social-performance community.